A cure for HIV is extremely rare today, despite the considerable progress that research has made in this field. So far, only three cases have been documented worldwide, the most recent of which was in a woman in the USA. Importantly, the people who recovered from HIV had received a transplant from compatible donors, but they had a mutation in the CCR5 gene that confers resistance to HIV. The case was presented at the CROI Congress (Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections).